Crime Collocations - 3291 Words

crime S2 W2 / kraÉ ªm / noun 1 [ uncountable ] illegal activities in general : We moved here because there was very little crime. Police officers are being given new powers to help combat crime. a police crackdown on car crime a town with a relatively low crime rate 2 [ countable ] an illegal action, which can be punished by law : He insisted that he had not committed any crime. men who have been found guilty of violent crimes crime against Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common. Police are still busy hunting for clues at the scene of the crime (= where the crime happened ) . 3 a life of crime when someone spends their life stealing and committing crimes, in order to get money to live 4 the perfect†¦show more content†¦be soft on crime (= not punish crime severely enough ) He accused the government of being soft on crime. crime + NOUN a crime wave (= a sudden increase in crime in an area ) Larger cities have been the worst hit by the crime wave. a crime spree (= when one person commits a lot of crimes in a short time ) He was arrested after a two-day crime spree. crime prevention The police can give you advice on crime prevention. the crime rate The crime rate has gone up. crime figures/statistics The new crime figures are not good. a crime syndicate American English (= an organization of criminals ) Women found themselves trapped by crime syndicates into prostitution. a crime writer (= someone who writes stories about crimes, especially murder ) crim†§i†§nal 1 S3 W2 / ˈkrÉ ªmÉ™n É™ l, ˈkrÉ ªmÉ ªn É™ l / adjective 1 relating to crime : Experts cannot agree on the causes of criminal behaviour . I was sure he was involved in some kind of criminal activity . She has not committed a criminal offence (= a crime ) . He was arrested and charged with criminal damage (= damaging someone’s property illegally ) . The doctor was found guilty of criminal negligence (= not taking enough care to protect people you are responsible for ) . 2 relating to the part of the legal system that is concerned with crime → civil : The case will be tried in a criminal court . We have no faith in the criminal justice system . The police are investigating theShow MoreRelatedMichael Lewis Teacher and Student of Language Essay2438 Words   |  10 Pagesvocabulary but often of multi-word prefabricated chunks. The lexical approach is a way of analysing and teaching language based on the idea that it is made up of lexical units rather than grammatical structures. The units are words and chunks formed by collocations and fixed phrases’ (nd.p215). The lexical approach in language teaching seeks to centralize multi-word unit or chunks in syllabus and language teaching activities in . The taxonomy of the lexical approach’s items The lexical approach distinguishesRead MoreCelta Assignment- Lesson from the Classroom832 Words   |  4 Pagesobserve Hayley because it showed how exciting a grammar practice can be to students. Hayley prepared a police-thief game for the students to investigate a crime using present perfect tense. I found it a very effective method of practicing the language for students and at the same time they enjoyed speaking English. I learned about collocation when I observed John’s and Martina’s lesson on lexis. John allowed the students to speak about different types of relationships and elicited the words thatRead MoreGenetically Modified Food Is Terrible Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch on how to connect the universe within itself. Part Two: Writing Thesis Statements 1. Rough Outline 1 Research Question: Why do young people commit crimes? Focus of Research Question: Causes Answers to research question: 1. influence of the media 2. availability of weapons 3. peer pressure 4. lack of familial contact Thesis Statement: The crimes committed by young people are caused by the influence of the media, availability of weapons, peer pressure and lack of familial contact. 2. Rough OutlineRead MoreChinese Thought Patterns And Its Cultural Roots1402 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as â€Å"I believe†, â€Å"I think† , â€Å"I suppose† as well as â€Å"we should† are considered to be some representative examples. Example 3: Chinese students version: â€Å"Adolescence crime not only brings about sorrows to families, but also causes the society in disorder , and must eradicate it in time . † English students version: Adolescence crime not only brings about sorrow s to families, but also causes the society in disorder; so we must eradicate it in time .† In the Example 3, what makes the two sentencesRead MoreUsing Concordances Of The Word Muslim1388 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves Muslims. (†¦) ‘The Muslim community feels a double burden when atrocities like this happen and she is a pillar for us in terms of strength when she comes out here and makes it very clear that it is not Muslims who are the perpetrators of these crimes and we will stand side by side with Muslims on this.’† (The Daily Record, 8th November 2015). Characterizing/ differentiating attributes The nouns in this category are interconnected with the previous two categories. The nouns are usually used asRead MoreThe Vindication Of Oedipus The King Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vindication of Oedipus Rex In the midst of a rife plague, Athens held their annual Dionysia festival. The festival was comprised of a collocation of dramatic performances honoring the Greek god Dionysus. During the festival in 429 BC a local playwright named Sophocles entered the festivities with his presentation of the tragedy Oedipus Rex. Oedipus the King by Sophocles introduces a city, much like Athens, that is being threatened by a troublesome plague, much like Athens, and whose people areRead MoreMass Media2588 Words   |  11 Pages Milos Kuvelja IV1 Bijeljina, maj 2013. Content Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Mass media I†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.4 Mass media II†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Mass media III†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Collocations and Phrases†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..17 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.21 Introduction Blalblallb Mass media I Mass media  Ã‚   Mass Media  includes all the tools weRead MoreIdioms in Newspaper Style7428 Words   |  30 Pagesused. However, because of their rigid structure and quite unpredictable meaning, idioms are often considered difficult to learn. John Seed defines an idiom as words collocated together happen to become fossilized, becoming fixed over time. This collocation -- words commonly used in a group -- changes the definition of each of the words that exist. As an expression, the word-group becomes a team, so to speak. That is, the collocated words develop a specialized meaning as a whole and an idiom is bornRead MoreEssay on A Comparison of On the Road and Crying of Lot 492247 Words   |  9 Pagesattributes observed from the characters within the novels provide a strong argument for Austin Turk’s conflict theory of deviance, which examines power and cultural conflict as a basis for deviant behaviour. To begin, Austin Turk’s conflict theory of crime divides society into two groups: those with power the authorities and those without power the subjects. In Pynchon’s novel The Crying Of Lot 49, this is realized by contrasting Pierce Inverarity, a California real estate mogul to those of low socialRead MoreIdioms Denoting Parts of Body6990 Words   |  28 Pagesthing that is otherwise strong; a serious or fatal weakness/ fault After one’s own heart = to like someone because of similar interests An eye for an eye (and a tooth for a tooth)= retaliation/ retribution in kind, a punishment that is as cruel as the crime An eye opener = a surprise; a startling or enlightening experience Armed to the teeth = heavily armed Behind one’s back = when one is not present Blue blood = having the qualities of being of noble birth Can’t put one’s finger on = can’t locate immediately

The Arctic Of The Antarctic Circle - 1716 Words

Any point north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle will have one period in the summer when the sun does not set, and one period in the winter when the sun does not rise. At progressively higher latitudes, the maximum periods of midnight sun and polar night are progressively longer. For example, at the military and weather station Alert located at 82 °30†²05†³N and 62 °20†²20†³W, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island, Canada (about 450 nautical miles or 830 km from the North Pole), the sun begins to peek above the horizon for minutes per day at the end of February and each day it climbs higher and stays up longer; by 21 March, the sun is up for over 12 hours. On 6 April the sun rises at 0522 UTC and remains above the horizon until it sets below the horizon again on 6 September at 0335 UTC. By October 13 the sun is above the horizon for only 1 hour 30 minutes and on October 14 it does not rise above the horizon at all and remains below the horizon until it rises again on 27 February.[17] First light comes in late January because the sky has twilight, being a glow on the horizon, for increasing hours each day, for more than a month before the sun first appears with its disc above the horizon. From mid-November to mid-January, there is no twilight. In the weeks surrounding 21 June, in the northern polar region, the sun is at its highest elevation, appearing to circle the sky there without going below the horizon. Eventually, it does go below the horizon,Show MoreRelatedGlobal Warming Reflection Paper1510 Words   |  7 Pageshave a greener earth and slow the global warming. Environmental and social implications regarding climate changes Climate changes are affecting the earth worldwide. According to Arctic Melt Unnerves the Experts article â€Å"The Arctic ice cap shrank so much this summer that waves briefly lapped along two long-imagined Arctic shipping routes, the Northwest Passage over Canada and the Northern Sea Route over Russia† (NY Times, 2007). Ice glaciers are melting and sea levels are increasing. The climate changeRead MoreThe Negative Effect of Global Warming892 Words   |  4 Pagesmountain glaciers, Arctic sea ice, and ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland (Global Warming Puts the Arctic on Thin Ice). When the large blocks of ice start to melt, the ability to reflect sunlight is lost. Usually when sunlight hits the polar ice caps, it is reflected back into space (Global Warming Puts the Arctic on Thin Ice). Without the ability, the ocean absorbs the sunlight and heats up ocean water (Global Warming Puts the Arctic on Thin Ice). This is how Arctic temperatures continueRead MoreClim ate Change1617 Words   |  7 PagesThe deterioration in Arctic sea ice, both in magnitude and width, over the last numerous decades is additional evidence for rapid climate change. Sea ice is frozen seawater that drifts on the ocean surface. It overlays millions of square kilometers in the Polar Regions, fluctuating with the seasons. In the Arctic, some sea ice remains year after year, although almost all Southern Ocean or Antarctic sea ice melts away and reforms annually. Satellite surveillances show that Arctic sea ice is now deterioratingRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Main Features Of Climate Change921 Words   |  4 Pagessalinization, etc., resulting in natural ecological environment imbalances, the coastal, estuary, bay to the coastal zone of ecological environment system disaster. Global climate change, climate warming, rising temperatures may lead to the Antarctic Peninsula and the arctic melt, and influence polar bear and walrus survival environment. Global climate change will lead to human health is at risk. Scientific research shows that as the climate warming, some harmful substances in the air, such as fungal sporesRead MoreThe Density Of Jupiter1293 Words   |  6 Pageshigher in the sky. This results in warmer average temperatures, as additional solar radiation reaches the surface. When the north pole is tilted away from the Sun, the reverse is true and the weather is generally cooler. Above the Arctic Circle and below the Antarctic Circle, an extreme case is reached in which there is no daylight at all for part of the year. This is called a polar night. This variation in the weather (because of the direction of the Earths axial tilt) results in the seasons. TheRead MoreGlobal Warming : Fact Or Fiction? Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesearth has undergone at least five different ice ages, in addition to various heating cycles. The man himself has never been at the forefront of any of these causes. Currently, the earth is in the middle of one of its heating cycles which will probably circle back again to a cooling cycle. In fact, it was not more than sixty years ago when the academic world was advocating for climate change due to â€Å"global cooling,† rather than global warming. This is further evidence for a cyclical climate rather thanRead MoreDiscussion of a biome using specific information about precipitation patterns, plants, animals, and general locations 1356 Words   |  6 Pagesreceive extreme temperatures of 43-49 °C during day and usually have very little rainfall and/or concentrated rainfall in short periods between long rainless periods, averaging about 250 mm of rain per year. The cold deserts are situated near the Arctic Circle and are mostly covered in snow, but can receive rainfall during spring(usually around 15-26 cm per year). Temperatures range from -2 to 26 °C. Contrary to popular belief, deserts have usually high biodiversity. Both the flora and fauna are adaptedRead MoreA Study On The Killer Whales2384 Words   |  10 Pagesthe killer whales to justify breeding killer whales and keeping them in marine parks. Killer Whales are the largest member of the dolphin family and they found all over the world but in the largest quantities in the colder water of the Arctic and Antarctic. They have also been reportedly sighted in the warmer waters of the tropics and off the southern coasts of the United States (â€Å"Welcome†). Male killer whales can weigh up to 22,000 pounds and females killer whales can weigh up to 16,500 poundsRead MoreThe Building Sector Affects The Society2927 Words   |  12 Pagesdegrees. KurowskI (2014) also states that during the summer solstice the sun is directly overhead (90 degrees) at the Tropic of Cancer and has an angle of 66.5 at the Equator and is at the horizon at the Antarctic Circle (66.5 S). Below the Antarctic Circle, it is dark 24 hours a day. Above the Arctic Circle (66.6 N) there is sunlight 24 hours a day. Shaded surface For a shaded surface, the radiation incident falling on it varies based on the shading type. The difference in the shading type complicatesRead MoreClimate Change And The Global Warming2120 Words   |  9 Pagespresent climate change as â€Å"stronger than expected, sooner than forecast†. She drawn this conclusion from following aspects. Firstly, recent 30 or more years, The Arctic Ocean is losing sea ice. (Stroeve, Holland, Meir, Scambon Serreze, 2007) It means ocean water would be warmed more by the sun. And it would cause a vicious circle that the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free quickly during the summer, as well as difficult to form and to retain sea ice during the winter. According to a current forecast that

A Nuclear Iran Free Essays

Can We Live with a Nuclear Iran? | â€Å"Iran’s Nuclear Ambitions†- Rudyard Griffiths| Rosalie Abdo, #6719633, POL1102D-Politics and Globalization, Dr. D Pierre-Antoine| Iran, a relatively large third world regime bordering multiple Middle Eastern countries, has for many years been accused of secretly building nuclear weapons. This is a country with extreme radical ideologies that publicly condemns the west and sends weekly threats of annihilation to Israel. We will write a custom essay sample on A Nuclear Iran or any similar topic only for you Order Now Countries around the world are slowly showing their anxiety of such a nation potentially possessing capabilities of immense means of destruction when their ideologies and past actions suggest such aggressive behaviours. Yet there is no proof to say that Iran does in fact own any nuclear weapons, and they have repeatedly expressed that their nuclear facilities are purely for peaceful and technological purposes. First in this paper I will summarize the argument against the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Second, I will do the opposite and summarize the reasoning for the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Finally, I will conclude with the argument that the world can exist with a nuclear Iran. A variety of arguments against Iran owning nuclear weaponry has been voiced. One of the leading arguments is the fear of nuclear hyper-proliferation. Iran is a relatively powerful nation whose footstep is felt and is very engaged in international affairs concerning its part of the globe. The fear of hyper-proliferation is that once Iran officially has proprietorship of nuclear war devices the surrounding countries and nations of the Middle East will commence an arms race. This would be terrible for a multitude of reasons, the first being that certain countries in the region have shown to be extremely unstable. With radical revolutions still fresh in the blood of its populace Egypt and Syria are perfect examples of countries that do not possess a stable form of government. Nuclear weapons in such states pose an extreme risk because of the lack of regulation; those arms of mass destruction could easily fall in the wrong hands. The second is living in a world filled with nukes is not ideal. The NPT Treaty, signed by all of the world’s nations except a select few, was created in order to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons and attempt at increasing the disarmament of the already existing ones. As this treaty was signed by relatively all countries it must logically follow that they believe in its ideals of slowing down potential nuclear warfare. Another argument is that Iran has shown over and over again its aggressive tendencies as well as its support of violent resolutions. Iran regularly threatens Israel with extinction. Iran has sent major weapons to terrorist organizations such as the Hezbollah in Lebanon and radical rebels in the Gaza Strip to use on Israel. Iran also sent weapons to the Syrian President Al Assad’s regime making it considerably harder for the Syrian population to overthrow their tyrannical oppressor of many decades. Lastly, a nuclear Iran could create a hegemonic Iranian power in the Middle East. With its extremely strategic oil deposit position, this would be very bad for the western world considering Iran’s extreme anti-western policies. There are numerous arguments as to why the world can live with a nuclear Iran. One of the leading arguments for it is deterrence. North Korea, a radical regime who threatens to set ablaze the capital of its neighboring country on a weekly basis, possesses quantities of nuclear armaments. Instead of instigating combat the major powers aimed to deter and contain it; so far this has been extremely successful. Even though this terrifying regime holds in their possession a multitude of nukes, Asia is able prosper and has lived in peace for many years. During the Cold War the USSR was considered an extremely radical regime, one that due to the arms race had ownership of massive amounts of nuclear weaponry. Again, instead of creating mass conflict, the US aimed to deter and contain it and was very successful. Another leading argument is that not only would a physical conflict with Iran be excessively costly in multiple aspects, but an attack from outsiders could spur a movement of nationalism and rally the populace of Iran together. Considering the size and capability of the country, the ample population, the probable lengthiness of the affair, and the territorial aspect such as the mountain ranges and distances from ports, this would not be a low-cost event. Many American politicians as well as President Obama himself have stated identical answers; it would be devastating to the American economy. This would not only be a disaster financially, but with the local terrain American deaths would more then be guaranteed. This would also undoubtedly infuriate the citizens into a movement maybe more radical than the ones they currently are in. Even if this event would come to be successful for the west, what would happen after? This would not encourage western values or affiliation and could injure the reputation of America in the Arab world. With Iran’s current budget for its nuclear program being 300 million dollars, which is nothing compared to its oil revenue, it will only take a few years for the country to reconstruct their nuclear facilities and recommence as before. Although both sides of this debate demonstrate considerable deliberation and thought one has come out victorious. The western world can live with a nuclear Iran. This is not to say that it is a decent notion for Iran to construct nuclear weapons. It is not decent for any country to create nuclear weapons as the horrendous destruction caused by these torturous weapons cannot properly be put on a crime scale. The damage inflicted not only obliterates any living organism in the vicinity of the blasts but remains and either slowly poisons to death anything and everything it comes across or mutates it for years to come whether living or not. Iran’s methods of dealing with international relations are abhorrent and should not be condoned. Yet as menacing as Iran appears to be on the global level the repercussions of acting on it and doing anything more than deterrence and containment toward this country is too much of a risk. One of the reasons why the west can live with a nuclear Iran is that although not on friendly terms, Iran has never directly threatened the west. They do have multiple anti-western policies yet they have never threatened their wellbeing. Iran has been very threatening and aggressive towards certain other nations such as Israel, yet Israel is a state that has been established for over sixty years and possesses over 200 nuclear weapons. This is not suggesting a termination of the alliance between the United States and Israel, but more of a slow and progressive estrangement in its aid. As previously mentioned before, a physical conflict with Iran could be devastating on the American economy. Some have argued that a pre-emptive war would not be a necessity for other countries to prevent a nuclear Iran and that by simply initiating tougher sanctions and doing everything that is short of war would be sufficient in thwarting Iran from building nuclear weaponry. There are many problems with this statement the first being that this action has already been done. The sanctions on building nuclear warheads are incredibly strong. The second problem with this is that to have a rule of law that is respected there needs to be an element of enforcement. There can be tougher sanctions put on the regulation of nuclear weapons, but if there is no one to enforce these rules then they are absolutely futile. If this train of thought is logically followed through it becomes apparent that enforcement is necessary in certain cases, war being the necessary implementation. Hence war is a necessity in some cases. This applies to Iran, and the west does not have a budget to follow it through. Another reason why the west could live with a nuclear Iran is that there currently is a country in the Middle East whose possession of nuclear weapons did not initiate an arms race, this country being Israel. Countries like Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar all have substantial oil infused treasuries, budgets that could easily commence a nuclear agenda without a second thought. They are residing in the Middle East and did not feel the compulsion or the requirement to initiate an arms race; why would countries fill the need to do so with Iran? There is no evidence that any hyper-proliferation would ever occur. When North Korea declared it was growing a nuclear arsenal the surrounding nations did not attempt to create their own. This is also true with China, when it announced its ownership of nuclear weapons neighboring countries did not react in any sort of arms race. Israel is an extremely controversial country in the morals of the Middle Eastern population. It is more controversial then even Iran’s Shite regime. Many countries do not appreciate its existence, whether they publicly claim so or not. This is not to say that there are countries conspiring in its destruction, but to say that it would have been an easy justification to start constructing nuclear facilities due to the fact that the country is slowly but steadily engulfing all of Palestine. Lastly, the western world can live with a nuclear Iran because as previously stated deterrence has been successful. There are only a select few countries that have ownership of nuclear weaponry. Unfortunately, some of these countries are a part of dangerous regimes such as North Korea or unstable governments like Pakistan, yet due to proper deterrence and containment there not only has not been a nuclear war but there is no reason to believe there will be one in the future. Proper deterrence has also been successful in preventing other countries to attempt creating many more nuclear facilities and arsenals. This is what the west should be focusing on, not imaginary Iranian nuclear weapons that do not exist. If Iran declares its ownership of multiple nuclear weapons and its intention to use them, the western world has a right and an obligation to try to prevent this awful scenario for happening. Yet until this day comes, Iran has a right to build nuclear weapons. How to cite A Nuclear Iran, Essay examples A Nuclear Iran Free Essays Can We Live with a Nuclear Iran? | â€Å"Iran’s Nuclear Ambitions†- Rudyard Griffiths| Rosalie Abdo, #6719633, POL1102D-Politics and Globalization, Dr. D Pierre-Antoine| Iran, a relatively large third world regime bordering multiple Middle Eastern countries, has for many years been accused of secretly building nuclear weapons. This is a country with extreme radical ideologies that publicly condemns the west and sends weekly threats of annihilation to Israel. We will write a custom essay sample on A Nuclear Iran or any similar topic only for you Order Now Countries around the world are slowly showing their anxiety of such a nation potentially possessing capabilities of immense means of destruction when their ideologies and past actions suggest such aggressive behaviours. Yet there is no proof to say that Iran does in fact own any nuclear weapons, and they have repeatedly expressed that their nuclear facilities are purely for peaceful and technological purposes. First in this paper I will summarize the argument against the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Second, I will do the opposite and summarize the reasoning for the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Finally, I will conclude with the argument that the world can exist with a nuclear Iran. A variety of arguments against Iran owning nuclear weaponry has been voiced. One of the leading arguments is the fear of nuclear hyper-proliferation. Iran is a relatively powerful nation whose footstep is felt and is very engaged in international affairs concerning its part of the globe. The fear of hyper-proliferation is that once Iran officially has proprietorship of nuclear war devices the surrounding countries and nations of the Middle East will commence an arms race. This would be terrible for a multitude of reasons, the first being that certain countries in the region have shown to be extremely unstable. With radical revolutions still fresh in the blood of its populace Egypt and Syria are perfect examples of countries that do not possess a stable form of government. Nuclear weapons in such states pose an extreme risk because of the lack of regulation; those arms of mass destruction could easily fall in the wrong hands. The second is living in a world filled with nukes is not ideal. The NPT Treaty, signed by all of the world’s nations except a select few, was created in order to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons and attempt at increasing the disarmament of the already existing ones. As this treaty was signed by relatively all countries it must logically follow that they believe in its ideals of slowing down potential nuclear warfare. Another argument is that Iran has shown over and over again its aggressive tendencies as well as its support of violent resolutions. Iran regularly threatens Israel with extinction. Iran has sent major weapons to terrorist organizations such as the Hezbollah in Lebanon and radical rebels in the Gaza Strip to use on Israel. Iran also sent weapons to the Syrian President Al Assad’s regime making it considerably harder for the Syrian population to overthrow their tyrannical oppressor of many decades. Lastly, a nuclear Iran could create a hegemonic Iranian power in the Middle East. With its extremely strategic oil deposit position, this would be very bad for the western world considering Iran’s extreme anti-western policies. There are numerous arguments as to why the world can live with a nuclear Iran. One of the leading arguments for it is deterrence. North Korea, a radical regime who threatens to set ablaze the capital of its neighboring country on a weekly basis, possesses quantities of nuclear armaments. Instead of instigating combat the major powers aimed to deter and contain it; so far this has been extremely successful. Even though this terrifying regime holds in their possession a multitude of nukes, Asia is able prosper and has lived in peace for many years. During the Cold War the USSR was considered an extremely radical regime, one that due to the arms race had ownership of massive amounts of nuclear weaponry. Again, instead of creating mass conflict, the US aimed to deter and contain it and was very successful. Another leading argument is that not only would a physical conflict with Iran be excessively costly in multiple aspects, but an attack from outsiders could spur a movement of nationalism and rally the populace of Iran together. Considering the size and capability of the country, the ample population, the probable lengthiness of the affair, and the territorial aspect such as the mountain ranges and distances from ports, this would not be a low-cost event. Many American politicians as well as President Obama himself have stated identical answers; it would be devastating to the American economy. This would not only be a disaster financially, but with the local terrain American deaths would more then be guaranteed. This would also undoubtedly infuriate the citizens into a movement maybe more radical than the ones they currently are in. Even if this event would come to be successful for the west, what would happen after? This would not encourage western values or affiliation and could injure the reputation of America in the Arab world. With Iran’s current budget for its nuclear program being 300 million dollars, which is nothing compared to its oil revenue, it will only take a few years for the country to reconstruct their nuclear facilities and recommence as before. Although both sides of this debate demonstrate considerable deliberation and thought one has come out victorious. The western world can live with a nuclear Iran. This is not to say that it is a decent notion for Iran to construct nuclear weapons. It is not decent for any country to create nuclear weapons as the horrendous destruction caused by these torturous weapons cannot properly be put on a crime scale. The damage inflicted not only obliterates any living organism in the vicinity of the blasts but remains and either slowly poisons to death anything and everything it comes across or mutates it for years to come whether living or not. Iran’s methods of dealing with international relations are abhorrent and should not be condoned. Yet as menacing as Iran appears to be on the global level the repercussions of acting on it and doing anything more than deterrence and containment toward this country is too much of a risk. One of the reasons why the west can live with a nuclear Iran is that although not on friendly terms, Iran has never directly threatened the west. They do have multiple anti-western policies yet they have never threatened their wellbeing. Iran has been very threatening and aggressive towards certain other nations such as Israel, yet Israel is a state that has been established for over sixty years and possesses over 200 nuclear weapons. This is not suggesting a termination of the alliance between the United States and Israel, but more of a slow and progressive estrangement in its aid. As previously mentioned before, a physical conflict with Iran could be devastating on the American economy. Some have argued that a pre-emptive war would not be a necessity for other countries to prevent a nuclear Iran and that by simply initiating tougher sanctions and doing everything that is short of war would be sufficient in thwarting Iran from building nuclear weaponry. There are many problems with this statement the first being that this action has already been done. The sanctions on building nuclear warheads are incredibly strong. The second problem with this is that to have a rule of law that is respected there needs to be an element of enforcement. There can be tougher sanctions put on the regulation of nuclear weapons, but if there is no one to enforce these rules then they are absolutely futile. If this train of thought is logically followed through it becomes apparent that enforcement is necessary in certain cases, war being the necessary implementation. Hence war is a necessity in some cases. This applies to Iran, and the west does not have a budget to follow it through. Another reason why the west could live with a nuclear Iran is that there currently is a country in the Middle East whose possession of nuclear weapons did not initiate an arms race, this country being Israel. Countries like Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar all have substantial oil infused treasuries, budgets that could easily commence a nuclear agenda without a second thought. They are residing in the Middle East and did not feel the compulsion or the requirement to initiate an arms race; why would countries fill the need to do so with Iran? There is no evidence that any hyper-proliferation would ever occur. When North Korea declared it was growing a nuclear arsenal the surrounding nations did not attempt to create their own. This is also true with China, when it announced its ownership of nuclear weapons neighboring countries did not react in any sort of arms race. Israel is an extremely controversial country in the morals of the Middle Eastern population. It is more controversial then even Iran’s Shite regime. Many countries do not appreciate its existence, whether they publicly claim so or not. This is not to say that there are countries conspiring in its destruction, but to say that it would have been an easy justification to start constructing nuclear facilities due to the fact that the country is slowly but steadily engulfing all of Palestine. Lastly, the western world can live with a nuclear Iran because as previously stated deterrence has been successful. There are only a select few countries that have ownership of nuclear weaponry. Unfortunately, some of these countries are a part of dangerous regimes such as North Korea or unstable governments like Pakistan, yet due to proper deterrence and containment there not only has not been a nuclear war but there is no reason to believe there will be one in the future. Proper deterrence has also been successful in preventing other countries to attempt creating many more nuclear facilities and arsenals. This is what the west should be focusing on, not imaginary Iranian nuclear weapons that do not exist. If Iran declares its ownership of multiple nuclear weapons and its intention to use them, the western world has a right and an obligation to try to prevent this awful scenario for happening. Yet until this day comes, Iran has a right to build nuclear weapons. How to cite A Nuclear Iran, Papers

Social Identity and the Service-Profit Chain free essay sample

MOS Article Review Social Identity and the Service-Profit Chain By Christian Homburg, Jan Wieseke Wayne D. Hoyer Journal of Marketing Volume 73(March 2009) It is very important to understand that if performance meets expectations, the customer is satisfied; if not, dissatisfaction results. Thus a core assumption is that by improving performance, firms can also increase satisfaction. Customers expect what they are now receiving and in a sense they keep upping the ante so it becomes increasingly difficult to meet or exceed customer expectations. Now there are two SPC paths: conventional and the social identity based path. Both of them are complementary. In other words firms that successfully manage both SPC paths tend to perform better than firms that are successful in only managing either the satisfaction or the social identity based path. The main elements of the social identity approach are self-categorization theory and social identity theory. Self categorization theory suggests that human beings have a need to simplify the social world by categorising people into groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Identity and the Service-Profit Chain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People perceive themselves as belonging to a particular group or category. According to social identity theory people strive for positive self-esteem and try to accomplish this by enhancing their social identity. Moreover it is true customers self-definitional needs can be partially fulfilled by the companies they patronise. For example users of Apple computers strongly identify with the company and this identification is related to how they define themselves as individuals. Thus customer-company identification helps a person clarify his or her self concept and to gain positive self-appraisal through a positive company appraisal. In today’s era of unprecedented corporate influence and consumerism, certain companies represent and offer attractive, meaningful social identities to consumers that help them satisfy important self-definitional needs. Strong identification occurs when company becomes personally relevant for consumers and personal relevance creates the potential for emotional reactions. Although some people perceive a close relationship between commitment and identification, there is consensus that identity and commitment are distinguishable in terms of their essential meaning. The key distinction is that identification includes both a self-definitional and an emotional meaning for a person while commitment does not reflect the cognitive element of psychological oneness and self definition that identification does. Hypothesis for the social identity based path of the SPC

The Weight College Holds free essay sample

The college system of today has become the only way way for adults to make a living wage . However, there are people in today? society who encourage students to take an internship over an actual education . While our education system of today is not the best its essential in order to live a fulfilling life and make a living wage . When we agree that there is a problem its best to fix it, rather than avoid it all together . This is the problem we are left with today . For example media outlets express outrage towards students who want to further their education through college . With the ever growing discussions like this and the ever growing need for workers with college degrees, the need to address this issue has grown. While some groups fully disapprove of going to college there are many benefits of doing so . What most people choose to ignore about college is that college graduates earn more overall, live healthier and happier lives in general and that most jobs are pushing for college degree holders . We will write a custom essay sample on The Weight College Holds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The ever growing need to address this has escalated and the need to look at the facts why going to college is needed in order to succeed . Firstly theres an ever growing need for well educated students in todays workforce . The facts show that most college students will make more than their non degree holder counterparts, so one must ask themselves why not go to college? According to the Bureau of Labor statistics â€Å"The median weekly earning for someone with some college but no degree was 712 compared to 1038 for a college graduate . † . This evidence highlights the importance of a college degree, just by going to college someone has an edge over others over how much they make . Ron haskins of the brooklyn institution found that â€Å"Without a college degree only 14 percent of Americans from the bottom fifth of parental income reach the top two-fifths of parental income . But if they complete college 41 percent of this same group can then expect to make to the top two-fifths . † . This data highlights the fact that when given the power a college education people can overcome anything including the pa y gap . According to â€Å"Why Go?† â€Å"College degree holders earn 22,000 more per year compared to their counterparts . † . The evidence states that with a higher education one is able to make more . By going to college one can only expect to receive great things while those who dont will find themselves struggling . So when it comes to a college education it further helps people make comfortable wages to live off of . Secondly, students who pursue the spoils of education live a happier and stress free life . People with a college degree live overall happier and healthier lives than people who decide not to go to college . For example, â€Å"College degree holders are 66 percent more likely to read to kids than non degree holders† (Why Go?) . This evidence remarks that a college degree can tie closer knots between adults and their kids if they pursue college . By simply going to college one can expect closer relationships with their family . According to â€Å"Why Go?† College degree holders are ? percent more likely to attend a show or concert with their kids . This evidence highlights that adults with college degrees are more likely able to take time off of work and do something fun with their children . By going to college people dont have to worry about financial issues as much as nondegree holders . â€Å" . . . In other words, children from low income families gain more by goi ng to college than children of the wealthy lose by not going . †(Actually, College Is Very Much Worth It) . This data further supports why people need to go to college to experience the benefits . This evidence gives even more reason for low income students to pursue college . As stated in the evidence low income people have more to gain by going to college this provides great reason on why one should go to college . One can see that a college education brings families together and creates happiness . Lastly, a college degree can lead to difference of a higher paycheck . Theres an ever growing need for college degree holders . â€Å"Facebooks Mark Zuckerberg Microsofts Bill Gates or Apples Steve Jobs all college dropouts who are held up as evidence of why all that time sitting in class is better spent elsewhere . Perhaps but its also worth remembering that their companies are bursting with college graduates . And what about all the people who didnt finish college and are not at the helm of a wildly successful venture . †(Actually, College Is Very Much Worth It) . This evidence further suggest the importance of a college education and addresses that a majority of people who pursue college are successful and that the majority of dropouts do not succeed. â€Å"The biggest absurdity is that a four year college degree has become the only gateway into the american middle class.†( Why College Isnt (And Shouldnt Have to Be) For Everyone). This claim further pushes the impor tance of obtaining a college education. It touches the importance that a college degree holds in the the lives of the working class and why people should achieve a college degree. For example â€Å"Nearly a third of employers say they have increased their educational requirements over the past five years, according to a recent survey by Chicago-based job search engine CareerBuilder.†( No college degree? Theres a growing hurdle to getting hired). This evidence further shows the importance of a college degree . In the future more jobs will require higher education and people who dont choose to pursue a college degree will suffer while degree holders with prosper. As one can see from the points made in this article the ever growing need for college degree holders and and the overall importance of a college education can impact the ways we will live our lives. While people think a college education isnt important in todays society because most people dont even use their college degree and makes people feel useless, especially when they drop out . However according to â€Å"How Important Is a College Education?† â€Å"many employees with a high school education may secure jobs with good benefits, college graduates typically fare better, entering higher-level careers with greater salaries . They are also more likely to receive promotions, earn raises and develop reasoning and communication skills that can be applied to their jobs.†. As one can see from the article college provides sustainable living condition, most jobs in the future will require a college education which is even more reason to go, and college creates happier and healthier lives. While the people of today argue that college isnt worth it they most obviously haven’t seen the perks of furthering ones education.

How to End Racial Segregation in the American Church

How to End Racial Segregation in the American Church One of Martin Luther Kings most famous quotes concerns racial segregation and the American church. It is appalling that the most segregated hour of Christian America is 11 oclock on Sunday morning†¦, King remarked in 1963. Sadly, more than 50 years later, the church remains overwhelmingly racially divided. Only between 5% to 7.5% of churches in the U.S. are considered to be racially diverse, a designation meaning that at least 20% of a churchs members dont belong to the predominant racial group there: Ninety percent of African-American Christians worship in all-black churches. Ninety percent of white American Christians worship in all-white churches, noted Chris Rice, coauthor of More Than Equals: Racial Healing for the Sake of the Gospel. †¦Years since the incredible victories of the civil rights movement, we continue to live in the trajectory of racial fragmentation. The biggest problem is that we dont see that as a problem. The racial reconciliation movement of the 1990s, which sought to heal racial divides in the church, inspired religious institutions in America to make diversity a priority. The popularity of so-called megachurches, houses of worship with membership in the thousands, have also contributed to diversifying U.S. churches. According to Michael Emerson, a specialist on race and faith at Rice University, the proportion of American churches with 20% or more minority participation has languished at about 7.5% for nearly a decade, Time magazine reports. Megachurches, on the other hand, have quadrupled its minority membershipfrom 6% in 1998 to 25% in 2007. So, how were these churches able to become more diverse, in spite of the churchs long history of racial divides? Church leaders and members, alike, can help to ensure that members of all backgrounds attend their house of worship. Everything from where a church serves to what kind of music it features during worship can influence its racial makeup. Music Can Draw in a Diverse Group of Followers What kind of worship music is featured regularly at your church? Traditional hymns? Gospel? Christian rock? If diversity is your goal, consider talking to your church leaders about mixing up the type of music played during worship. People of different racial groups will likely feel more comfortable attending an interracial church if the worship music theyre accustomed to is featured on occasion. To sate the needs of his culturally diverse membership of blacks, whites, and Latinos, the Rev. Rodney Woo of Wilcrest Baptist Church in Houston offers both gospel and traditional music during worship, he explained to CNN. Serving in Diverse Locations Can Attract Diverse Worshippers All churches engage in service activities of some sort. Where does your church volunteer and which groups does it serve? Often, the people served by a church share different ethnic or socioeconomic backgrounds from the church members themselves. Consider diversifying your church by inviting the recipients of church outreach to a worship service. Try to launch service projects in a variety of communities, including those where different languages are spoken. Some churches have launched worship services in the neighborhoods where they do outreach, making it easier for those they serve to participate in church. Moreover, staffers at some churches have even chosen to live in disadvantaged communities, so they can reach out to the needy and include them in church activities consistently. Launch a Foreign Language Ministry One way to combat racial segregation in church is to launch foreign language ministries. If church staffers or active members speak one or more foreign languages fluently, consider using their skills to launch a foreign language or bilingual worship service. A major reason Christians from immigrant backgrounds attend racially homogenous churches is that they arent fluent enough in English to understand the sermons delivered at a church not specifically designed for people from their ethnic group. Accordingly, many churches seeking to become interracial are launching ministries in different languages to reach out to immigrants. Diversify Your Staff If someone whod never visited your church were to check out its Web site or read a church brochure, who would they see? Are the senior pastor and associate pastors all from the same racial background? What about the Sunday school teacher or the head of the womens ministry? If the church leadership isnt diverse, why would you expect worshippers from diverse backgrounds to attend services there? No one wants to feel like an outsider, least of all in a place as intimate as church can be. Moreover, when racial minorities attend church and see a fellow minority among its leaders, it suggests that the church has made a serious investment in cultural diversity. Understand the History of Segregation in the Church Churches today arent segregated simply because racial groups prefer to worship with their own kind, but because of  Jim Crows  legacy. When racial segregation was government sanctioned in the early 20th century, white Christians and Christians of color followed suit by worshipping separately as well. In fact, the reason the African Methodist Episcopal denomination came about was that black Christians were excluded from worshipping in white religious institutions. When the U.S. Supreme Court decided in  Brown v. Board of Education  that schools must desegregate, however, churches began to reevaluate segregated worship. According to a June 20, 1955, article in  Time, the Presbyterian Church was divided over the segregation issue, while Methodists and Catholics sometimes or frequently welcomed integration in church. Southern Baptists, on the other hand, assumed a pro-segregation stance. As for Episcopalians,  Time  reported in 1955, The Protestant Episcopal Church has a relatively liberal attitude toward integration. The North Georgia Convention recently declared that segregation on the basis of race alone is inconsistent with the principles of the Christian religion. In Atlanta, while services are segregated, white and Negro children are confirmed together, and whites and Negroes are granted equal votes in diocesan conferences. When trying to create a multiracial church, its important to acknowledge the past, as some Christians of color may not be enthusiastic about joining churches that once excluded them from membership. Wrapping Up Diversifying a church isnt easy. As religious institutions engage in racial reconciliation, racial tensions inevitably surface. Some racial groups may feel that theyre not being represented enough by a church, while other racial groups may feel that they are being attacked for having too much power. Chris Rice and Spencer Perkins address these issues in  More Than Equals, as does Christian film  The Second Chance. Take advantage of literature, film and other available media as you set out to tackle the challenges of the interracial church.

Marketimg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketimg - Essay Example First, it helps the company to promote product awareness to the consumers and also position the company in the market. Second, marketing efforts can also help the organization to boost product sales. Third, marketing helps the company to build its reputation in the market. Without marketing efforts, a company cannot convey what services or product it is offering. Actually marketing is a huge area which covers various aspects of business from identification of need in the market to the after-sale services. Moreover, marketing efforts of a company help the people to recognize the product options available in the market and the features and qualities f the products. Therefore, marketing plays a very important role in the success of a company and its products and services. Three examples have been quoted here to explain how marketing concepts help the companies to operate in a particular market. IKEA is a prominent international player in the furniture industry. The company has been offe ring well designed, functional home and furnishing products to its customers for more than 60 years. The effective marketing strategies of IKEA have helped the company to develop a strong image in the markets where it is operating. The graph shows that the number of visitors to IKEA stores is expanding significantly. Company considers its every customer as a member of â€Å"IKEA Family†. The marketing function of the company has helped the company to establish an image in the market. Moreover, through marketing programs IKEA develops relationships with its customers for example; IKEA has recently introduced IKEA mobile content which is a marketing strategy through which company has developed a database of customers. Source: Batistia, 2009 These are the marketing efforts of a company which help the company to segment and target the market and position the product to reach the target audience. Red Bull was launched as an energy drink and today company is operating in many count ries across the world. Company heavily relied on â€Å"buzz marketing† or word-of-mouth to establish a strong image in the market. In order to position the energy drink, to attract customers and to increase the visibility of the product, the marketing strategies which the company adopted include sports marketing, even marketing, advertising, sales promotions and free sampling etc. By 2004, Red Bull was having 70 percent market shares of worldwide energy drinks market (Ny Mafia, 2008). Various competitors also tried to adopt the marketing strategies of Red Bull however; these tactics could not help the competitors. Therefore, even the taste of energy drink of Red Bull was not that very good however, these were the marketing efforts which communicated the purpose and features of energy drink. Various marketing efforts are pursued by companies to attract and retain customers. The following example of Lloyds Banking Group advocates however, marketing efforts help a company to pro vide information related to products and services to the customers of the company. The company is focusing on integrated marketing communication strategy to target its customers. In addition, the company also asks the people to join the network of the company through which company keeps on updating the customers via phone or email about the new products or services.

IS Strategic planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

IS Strategic planning - Essay Example Heads of department from both faculties would meet together on a regular basis. Communications and report structures would become more collaborative, involving joint reports on key strategic partnerships. The cost savings of a single faculty office would not be achieved, but estimates suggested that the joint working proposed would be less costly than Plan A. Students and staff would experience no disruption under the new arrangements, although again potential developments in terms of new courses and research were envisaged. One potential hurdle was the increased levels of bureaucracy. Staff already moaned about the amount of paperwork and there was a danger of increasing the number of committees under the joint arrangements. Re-engineering will involve integration of latest technological aspects such as cloud computing features and components to the system to ensure that all long term institution’s technological needs and IT requirements are met. The applications which are given priority include database, data warehousing components that will enable the company to meet the short term IT strategies. The hardware and other support software are also given priority. The testing should be carried in two stages. First every system unit is thoroughly tested. This is done by exposing the prototype system to the users. The errors that will be realized are fixed before system integration. Another test will be performed after the different sub systems are integrated. Training will be conducted in phases. All the employees in different business units should fully understand the system and how it works. The security issues should also be dealt with during the training. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified for the Midchester University were provides a wide environment and covers the elements such as support systems for information technology, academic programs and the IT

What exactly are the consequences of performance appraisal in Essay

What exactly are the consequences of performance appraisal in organisations and how does it contribute to organisational or individual performance - Essay Example Additionally, the process provides the management with information that helps them to identify employee potentials. The organization can desire to affect the employee attitude by the results obtained by the employee through the evaluation cycle. The evaluation cycle provide the employee with clear performance SMART goals. The performance SMART goals are Specific, Measurable, Actionable, Realistic and Time-bound that the employee should work towards achieving. If the employee is performing well, the organization can reward such an employee by job promotion or increase in salary pay. If an employee performance is poor, the organization can choose to train the employee so that the employee can improve in performance (Kerwick 2013). After goal setting in performance appraisal, the supervisor and employee hold a self-appraisal meeting to discuss the employee’s performance so that they can identify potential goals for the upcoming appraisal period (Michelle, Douglas & John 2010). Based on the management, the employees perform their job and the supervisor should a keep note of the employee’s accomplishments and challenges. When a performance appraisal is carried out, a supervisor needs to show the employee how their performance affects the productivity of the organization. The employees should also understand how their performance affects the ability of others employees to do their jobs, and it helps put his job duties into an overall company context. This helps improve the notion of teamwork among the staff and can also encourage the cooperation to achieve corporate goals. After employee evaluation, employees with high scores become motivated and are likely to perform well and increase organizational productivity (Michelle et al 2010).An employee with a positive feedback makes himself feel like a worthy contributor in the organization hence encouraging them to perform better in the future. This

Role of Ecotourism in Sustainable Development

Role of Ecotourism in Sustainable Development Nowadays in developing countries, ecotourism is used as an excellent tool for promoting sustainable development. It is very beneficial for local communities creating environmental, economic and social benefits. Ecotourism is carried out by many tourism planners and marketers nowadays. The important aspect involved in ecotourism is its proper planning and implementation. In the case of improper planning it converts all the economic gains into social and environmental disasters. Ecotourism has gained popularity developed into a worldwide phenomenon showing no signs of slowing down. Even though it is not a universal remedy for attaining sustainable development, its potential towards promoting sustainable development deserves considerable attention. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of ecotourism in attaining sustainable development in Costa Rica. Ecotourism The concept of ecotourism was well identified in 1960s by Hetzer who contributed to this by identifying four principles of ecotourism. They are minimizing environmental impacts, respecting host cultures, maximizing benefits to local communities maximizing tourist satisfaction. Ecotourism is an integration of social, environmental and economical benefits meeting both human and environmental needs. One of the major causes for the evolution of ecotourism is the dissatisfaction with mass tourism creating over development, pollution and foreign investment. According to International Ecotourism Society (2004) Ecotourism is a Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people. Sustainable Development The term sustainable development received international recognition in 1980s. In 1987, Bruntland commission defined sustainable development as Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs. It is a combination of social, economical and environmental development. Ecotourism Sustainable Development It is nothing but sustainable tourism. In 1995 World Trade Organization stated in Agenda 21 that Sustainable tourism development meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. Sustainable tourism involves a number of principles in it. Sustainable development is not the only goal of ecotourism, but sustainable development is very important for achieving the goal of ecotourism. About Costa Rica Costa Rica which means Rich Cost is a country in South America bordered by Nicaragua in north, Panamma in south, Caribbean Sea in east and Pacific Ocean in west. The government is constitutionally democratic. It constitutionally abolished its army permanently in 1949 becoming military neutral. It was ranked first among the Americas for Environmental Performance Index in 2010. Total area 19,653 sq.m Water percentage 0.7 Population 4,253,897 GDP (nominal) $29.318 billion It contains 5% of the worlds biodiversity. Around 25% of the countrys land area is covered by protected national parks and protected areas. About 24 national parks are found in Costa Rica. The Monteverde cloud forest reserve is a home for about 2000 plant species, over 400 birds, over 100 species of mammals and numerous orchids. Growth of ecotourism in Costa Rica Costa Rica earned reputation as a premier ecotourism destination in the world also considered as ecotourisms post child. Some of the factors that influenced ecotourism in Costa Rica are pleasant climate, excellent national park, best public health care system, best public education, highest literacy rate in Latin America etc. It is also blessed with abundant natural resources such as beaches, mangroves, mountains, caves, waterfalls, volcanoes and tropical rainforests which is one of the most biologically diverse areas of the world containing 5% of entire planets biodiversity. In a short period Costa Rica has reached high level of maturity in ecotourism creating both beneficial effects and detrimental consequences on sustainable development. It is considered as a model in implementing ecotourism in many other areas. Economic impacts Globalization plays an important role in global economic decision making. As globalization and unbridled economic competition continue to dominate the global agenda, the travel agents who came up with the idea of ecotourism were now looking for new markets and not the ways to save the world. Because of this issue, many protected regions of Costa Rica are increasingly integrated into the global economy. Park entry fees and other form of revenues increase the value of protected land rather than the revenue obtained from deforestation. Ecotourism also earns foreign exchange to developing countries by bringing tourists from north ( from developed countries). A survey states that in early 1990s Costa Rica was the leading overseas ecotourism destination for U.S travellers, but only 20% of its revenue went to the local community and the remaining was paid to the tour operators, tickets on foreign owned airlines, to import products that appeal foreign tourists. A certain percentage of profits can be recycled to the local community development through legislation so that revenue leakage is reduced. In general, the employment opportunities of the people living near to ecotourism destinations is based on the tourists. In Costa Rica, people living near to Monteverde cloud forest reserve is an excellent example who have gained great economic values with this. Contrast to the previous point, Osa peninsula a ecotourism spot in Costa Rica has made its inhabitants even more poorer than before over attraction by ecotourists which created profit to outsiders. Marketing in general is used to elaborate a buisness scale. In Costa Rica in regions where outsiders dominate, marketing is used es an efficient tool by the local community to elaborate their buisness. Fake marketing is also done in some regions which is of no environmental responsibility. Since ecotourism is a seasonal activity, it can fluctuate over time to time and the local community cannot entirely depend on this for their earnings which leads to economic discomfort. Outsiders took over many regions in Costa Rica which have become distorted and the prices have increased drastically so that many Costa Ricans have been priced out of land and home ownership. Social impacts Even though the local communities are not traditionally involved in ecotourism planning and implementation, it becomes essential for them to get involved in different phases of it for their own benefits. Also the local communities are very familiar with the local resources, it makes them essential to involve in decision making. Stakeholder participation and community involvement are very important in decision making process since they have the greatest stake in the outcome of any ecotourism project. The culture of the local community plays an important role in ecotourism. For a sustainable ecotourism, cultural structures of the local community must be well understood so that the disintegration of the local communities can also be avoided. In Costa Rica, people in many rural areas did not support ecotourism instead they felt it as a threat to their cultural dynamics. Ecotourism brings many advantages to the local community if they integrate themselves with it otherwise it can lead to commofication resulting in erosion of culture and community cohesion. Ecotourism provides some employment opportunities to the local community such as hotel servicing, crafting, government agency staff, tour operators etc. In Costa Rica local community people are trained in the areas of park maintanance, habitat restoration, management etc in order to incorporate them in protected area management. Govrnment should provide some subsidies and intensives to local poor people to own a buisness. Many innovative and resposible locally owned ecotourism projects fail due to insufficient investments and their competition with large foreign companies. The goal of ecotourism is that the profits from ecotourism must be reinvested into the local community to meet their basic needs. Additional revenues are channeled into programmes which directly benefit the local people in their health and education. When people get focused to ecotourism getting support from their community, they will devote their time and energy to it, understanting that the success of ecotourism is directly linked to their individual capacity to achieve greater standards of life. Environmental impacts National parks in Costa Rica are the backbone of its ecotourism industry contributing much to the countrys tourism industry as a whole. In 1960s Costa Ricas first strictly protected area was established, after that four national parks were offically created in 1970s to preserve its biodiversity. There are 30 and above national parks and more than 230 protected areas in costa Rica. Cost Rica forms a variety of ecosystem with 850 bird species, 1260 tree species, 1200 orchid species, 270 mammal species, 361 species of reptiles and amphibians and more than 35,000 species of insects. The creation of parks and protected areas protect natural species, but it resulted in deforestation. National parks form the crucial part of ecotourism in Costa Rica which was increasing since 1980s and attained maturity at the end of 1990s. Even ecotourism earnings have contuined to increase, the Costa Rican government is not properly funding to the parks and protected areas leading to dependancy on foreign donations much. Other than national parks and protected areas, private reserves have emerged as another important way to protect Costa Ricas natural resources and biodiversity. About 68 reserves were found in Costa Rica in which more than 40 involves in ecotourism in which La Selva, Rara Avis, Monteverde cloud forest reserve are some of those in it. Monteverde forest reserve recieves nearly 50,000 visitors per year which contains most important population of quetzal, an endangered bird species. Private reserves serve as an intimation to the government that ecotourism has good earning potential and it can be economically viable when sufficient resources are invested. Ecotourism projects results in natural degradations when the natural areas are overcroweded with visitors. Solid waste generation, pollution, habitat destructions, forest degradations and trail erosion results in increase of local carrying capacities. The negative effects of ecoourism can be minimized by emphasising low- impact construction, controlling the number of visitors, taking care in interacting with local flora and fauna. A balance between development and conservation should be created in order to avoid the degradation of natural environment. Education is often cited as on of the most crucial element for every individual as well as for a society. Environmental education contributes much for ecotourism. Knowledgable tour guides can provide a quality environmental education. Local guides have more advantage over foreign guides since they have more knowledge about local ecologic, natural history and local culture. Lack of experienced and knowledgable trail guides is one of the major problems with ecotourism in Costa Rica. Creating educated public understanding the importance of ecotourism in Costa Rica will help the countries benefit for long run.

Early European Exploration Essay -- European History

Early European Exploration European explorers first landed on the shores of what would later become North America more than 500 years ago. Not long after the first explorers had entered the "New World" they found out that they were not alone on this new frontier. Their neighbors in this new land were the Native Americans who had been there for centuries, virtually unaware of life outside the continent. Thus began an inconsistent and often times unstable relationship between the European settlers and the North American Indians. Two nations who had particularly interesting relationships with the Native Americans were the British and the French, both of whom took different approaches to their relations with the Indians economically as well as culturally. Neither nation had complete trust for the Indians, nor did the Indians ever completely trust the men who arrived on "floating islands with many tall trees". Nonetheless, they did interact with one another in their daily lives. Both economically and culturally the French and British went about their interactions with the Native Americans differently. Through first hand writings and documents as well as observations by historians, it is evident that the British and French interacted with the Indians of North America in different ways. In the early beginnings of exploration, both the British and French had relatively good relationships with the Indians because of the economic success that came with simple cooperation. The fur trade with the Native Americans quickly proved successful because of the outrageously high prices it could be sold for in Europe. Years later the economic goals shifted and so did relations with the Native Americans. The French, headed by Samuel de Champlain, ... ...ntually evolved, as the colonies grew, into the highly-conflicted relationships between the two groups in later decades and centuries. Both the nations of France and Britain invested countless amounts of time, money and men into the colonization of the new world. And because of this, both France and Britain did receive the benefits that North America had to offer. In both cases, had the American Indians simply not been there when the first explorers arrived, the history of this continent, and this nation would have been drastically different. The ways the British and the French went about living on the same lands as the Native Americans were so different that they can, in some ways, be considered opposite. Even so they both proved successful in settling land and forming the beginnings of what later would become the present-day nations of Canada and the United States.